Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN metro: mortgages and home buyers
2025 home-purchase and refinance statistics for the 12-county Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN area (OMB code 31140), from official HMDA records.
In 2025, lenders reported 15,756 home-purchase mortgages for owner-occupied, single-family homes in the Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN metro area. The median buyer borrowed $255,000 on a home valued at $295,000 and reported a household income of $89,000.
Buyers financed a median 95% of the home's value (roughly 5% down), paid a median 6.625% on 30-year fixed conventional loans and faced median conventional loan costs of $4,010.
Lenders denied 7.9% of completed home-purchase applications.
Key facts
- Home buyers' median income ($89,000) is 23% lower than the U.S. median ($116,000).
- Median conventional loan costs ($4,010) were 28% lower than the U.S. median ($5,570).
- The most common age bracket among borrowers was 25–34 (33.5% of purchase loans).
- 57.8% of purchase mortgages had a single borrower with no co-applicant.
- The most-cited reason for denial was debt-to-income ratio (34.1% of denials with a stated reason).
Counties in the metro area
| County | Purchase loans | Median loan | Buyer income | 30-yr rate | Loan costs | Conforming limit | FHA limit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jefferson County, KY | 8,574 | $245,000 | $82,000 | 6.625% | $4,150 | $832,750 | $541,287 |
| Clark County, IN | 1,845 | $245,000 | $88,000 | 6.625% | $3,220 | $832,750 | $541,287 |
| Bullitt County, KY | 1,119 | $265,000 | $92,000 | 6.625% | $3,920 | $832,750 | $541,287 |
| Floyd County, IN | 1,039 | $245,000 | $93,000 | 6.625% | $3,340 | $832,750 | $541,287 |
| Oldham County, KY | 841 | $395,000 | $153,000 | 6.625% | $4,960 | $832,750 | $541,287 |
| Nelson County, KY | 551 | $245,000 | $88,000 | 6.625% | $3,710 | $832,750 | $541,287 |
| Shelby County, KY | 551 | $295,000 | $104,000 | 6.500% | $4,290 | $832,750 | $541,287 |
| Harrison County, IN | 381 | $245,000 | $90,000 | 6.500% | $3,170 | $832,750 | $541,287 |
| Meade County, KY | 277 | $285,000 | $113,000 | 6.750% | $3,950 | $832,750 | $541,287 |
| Spencer County, KY | 223 | $325,000 | $113,000 | 6.625% | $4,560 | $832,750 | $541,287 |
| Washington County, IN | 213 | $205,000 | $75,000 | 6.625% | $3,160 | $832,750 | $541,287 |
| Henry County, KY | 142 | $265,000 | $86,000 | 6.750% | $4,130 | $832,750 | $541,287 |
Who bought homes in Louisville/Jefferson County
Home-purchase mortgages for owner-occupied, single-family (1–4 unit) site-built homes, first liens, originated in 2025.
Values are medians; "middle half" is the 25th to 75th percentile.
Loan type
What the homes were for
All first-lien, closed-end purchase mortgages, including second homes and investors.
Borrower age
Debt-to-income ratio
Monthly debts (including the new payment) as a share of income, as used in underwriting.
What borrowing cost in Louisville/Jefferson County
Medians for 2025 home-purchase loans. Total loan costs are section D of the Loan Estimate/Closing Disclosure (lender and third-party loan charges, excluding taxes, prepaids and escrow). FHA and VA costs include the upfront mortgage insurance premium or VA funding fee, so compare like with like.
| Measure | Louisville/Jefferson County | U.S. |
|---|---|---|
| 30-year fixed rate · conventional | 6.625% | 6.625% |
| 30-year fixed rate · FHA | 6.375% | 6.250% |
| 30-year fixed rate · VA | 6.250% | 6.125% |
| 15-year fixed rate · conventional | 5.875% | 5.875% |
| Rate spread vs. APOR · conventional | +0.24 pts | +0.13 pts |
| Total loan costs · conventional | $4,010 | $5,570 |
| Total loan costs · FHA | $9,030 | $11,310 |
| Total loan costs · VA | $5,070 | $6,490 |
| Origination charges (all loan types) | $1,550 | $1,860 |
| Borrowers paying discount points | 50.2% | 51.3% |
| Points paid, when paid (% of loan) | 0.60% | 0.87% |
| Borrowers receiving lender credits | 35.4% | 33.1% |
| Adjustable-rate mortgages | 5.7% | 7.4% |
| Jumbo loans (above conforming limit) | 1.1% | 3.8% |
Medians are shown only when at least 30 loans report the field. Rates are those reported at closing; market rates changed during 2025, which the rate spread (APR minus the average prime offer rate on the lock date) adjusts for.
Approvals and denials
Louisville/Jefferson County: 1,387 of 17,460 completed home-purchase applications were denied (7.9%).
Denial rate
| Application | Louisville/Jefferson County | U.S. |
|---|---|---|
| Home purchase | 7.9% | 8.5% |
| Conventional | 6.4% | 7.1% |
| FHA | 11.7% | 12.5% |
| VA | 9.8% | 8.0% |
| USDA | 14.2% | 12.5% |
| Refinance | 16.2% | 17.9% |
| Cash-out refinance | 33.3% | 33.6% |
Main reason for purchase denials
First reason the lender reported.
Denial rate = denied ÷ (originated + approved but not accepted + denied). Withdrawn and incomplete applications are excluded. Differences between places reflect who applies, not only lender behavior.
Refinancing in Louisville/Jefferson County
Source: FFIEC/CFPB HMDA 2025 public LAR (derived MSA/MD); OMB July 2023 delineations via the U.S. Census Bureau. Methodology