Colorado mortgages and home buyers, 2025
Incomes, down payments, rates, loan costs, denials and lenders across Colorado's 64 counties, from official HMDA records.
HMDA 2025 data released June 23, 2026
In 2025, lenders reported 66,151 home-purchase mortgages for owner-occupied, single-family homes in Colorado. The median buyer borrowed $455,000 on a home valued at $545,000 and reported a household income of $136,000.
Buyers financed a median 88.6% of the home's value (roughly 11.4% down), paid a median 6.50% on 30-year fixed conventional loans and faced median conventional loan costs of $4,630.
Lenders denied 6.3% of completed home-purchase applications.
Key facts
- Home buyers' median income ($136,000) is 17% higher than the U.S. median ($116,000).
- The median 30-year fixed conventional rate here was 13 basis points below the U.S. median (6.625%).
- Median conventional loan costs ($4,630) were 17% lower than the U.S. median ($5,570).
- The most common age bracket among borrowers was 25–34 (34.6% of purchase loans).
- 45.6% of purchase mortgages had a single borrower with no co-applicant.
- The most-cited reason for denial was debt-to-income ratio (41.6% of denials with a stated reason).
Conforming limits in Colorado range from $832,750 to $1,249,125 for a one-unit home in 2026. See every Colorado county's 2026 FHA and conforming loan limits.
Colorado counties compared
Click a column to sort. Medians shown with at least 30 loans.
| County | Purchase loans | Median loan | Buyer income | Down payment | 30-yr rate | Loan costs | Denial rate | FHA limit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adams County | 6,665 | $455,000 | $125,000 | 5.0% | 6.499% | $4,950 | 7.9% | $862,500 |
| Alamosa County | 46 | $305,000 | $99,000 | 3.5% | — | — | 20.3% | $541,287 |
| Arapahoe County | 6,982 | $455,000 | $126,000 | 10.0% | 6.500% | $4,930 | 7.0% | $862,500 |
| Archuleta County | 160 | $425,000 | $130,000 | 20.0% | 6.750% | $4,850 | 9.4% | $541,287 |
| Baca County | 7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | $541,287 |
| Bent County | 24 | — | — | — | — | — | — | $541,287 |
| Boulder County | 2,786 | $545,000 | $182,000 | 20.0% | 6.500% | $4,250 | 4.8% | $879,750 |
| Broomfield County | 799 | $515,000 | $167,000 | 20.0% | 6.500% | $4,220 | 4.1% | $862,500 |
| Chaffee County | 246 | $505,000 | $155,000 | 20.0% | 6.500% | $4,300 | 5.5% | $713,000 |
| Cheyenne County | 7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | $541,287 |
| Clear Creek County | 113 | $455,000 | $146,000 | 20.0% | 6.500% | $4,760 | 5.7% | $862,500 |
| Conejos County | 16 | — | — | — | — | — | — | $541,287 |
| Costilla County | 17 | — | — | — | — | — | — | $541,287 |
| Crowley County | 11 | — | — | — | — | — | — | $541,287 |
| Custer County | 43 | $385,000 | $121,000 | 10.1% | — | — | 11.1% | $541,287 |
| Delta County | 273 | $315,000 | $88,000 | 6.9% | 6.500% | $5,650 | 6.9% | $541,287 |
| Denver County | 6,512 | $485,000 | $150,000 | 17.8% | 6.500% | $4,780 | 6.2% | $862,500 |
| Dolores County | 13 | — | — | — | — | — | — | $541,287 |
| Douglas County | 6,040 | $595,000 | $185,000 | 20.0% | 6.500% | $4,290 | 4.9% | $862,500 |
| Eagle County | 377 | $625,000 | $186,000 | 21.8% | 6.525% | $4,180 | 8.1% | $1,249,125 |
| Elbert County | 675 | $565,000 | $158,000 | 10.0% | 6.375% | $4,300 | 7.5% | $862,500 |
| El Paso County | 9,932 | $425,000 | $124,000 | 5.0% | 6.500% | $4,560 | 5.4% | $541,650 |
| Fremont County | 409 | $295,000 | $94,000 | 5.0% | 6.500% | $5,100 | 6.9% | $541,287 |
| Garfield County | 489 | $495,000 | $137,000 | 20.0% | 6.625% | $5,390 | 9.9% | $1,249,125 |
| Gilpin County | 60 | $485,000 | $150,000 | 20.0% | 6.625% | $4,460 | 3.0% | $862,500 |
| Grand County | 193 | $555,000 | $172,000 | 20.0% | 6.625% | $4,990 | 11.6% | $883,200 |
| Gunnison County | 150 | $445,000 | $137,000 | 20.0% | 6.625% | $5,010 | 11.5% | $747,500 |
| Hinsdale County | 7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | $563,500 |
| Huerfano County | 32 | $235,000 | $81,000 | 3.5% | — | — | 22.7% | $541,287 |
| Jackson County | 9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | $541,287 |
| Jefferson County | 6,423 | $515,000 | $160,000 | 20.0% | 6.500% | $4,680 | 4.7% | $862,500 |
| Kiowa County | 6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | $541,287 |
| Kit Carson County | 41 | $235,000 | $82,000 | 5.0% | — | — | 15.8% | $541,287 |
| Lake County | 73 | $455,000 | $135,000 | 20.0% | 6.500% | $4,870 | 15.6% | $1,092,500 |
| La Plata County | 460 | $485,000 | $145,000 | 20.0% | 6.625% | $4,010 | 5.1% | $747,500 |
| Larimer County | 4,178 | $445,000 | $139,000 | 20.0% | 6.500% | $4,450 | 5.3% | $634,800 |
| Las Animas County | 68 | $245,000 | $89,000 | 5.0% | 6.625% | $4,630 | 7.4% | $541,287 |
| Lincoln County | 43 | $255,000 | $75,000 | 3.5% | — | — | 20.0% | $541,287 |
| Logan County | 156 | $225,000 | $80,000 | 3.5% | 6.500% | $5,380 | 7.5% | $541,287 |
| Mesa County | 1,862 | $345,000 | $106,000 | 10.0% | 6.750% | $4,790 | 4.6% | $541,287 |
| Mineral County | 6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | $541,287 |
| Moffat County | 120 | $315,000 | $102,000 | 3.5% | 6.750% | $5,480 | 8.3% | $1,089,050 |
| Montezuma County | 165 | $305,000 | $100,000 | 10.0% | 6.625% | $5,440 | 6.2% | $541,287 |
| Montrose County | 416 | $375,000 | $120,000 | 17.0% | 6.625% | $5,280 | 5.7% | $541,287 |
| Morgan County | 283 | $325,000 | $95,000 | 3.5% | 6.625% | $5,710 | 7.7% | $541,287 |
| Otero County | 114 | $185,000 | $66,000 | 3.5% | 6.625% | $4,060 | 11.1% | $541,287 |
| Ouray County | 59 | $505,000 | $183,000 | 20.0% | 6.625% | $6,080 | 11.6% | $750,950 |
| Park County | 267 | $465,000 | $134,000 | 12.0% | 6.624% | $4,900 | 10.7% | $862,500 |
| Phillips County | 39 | $235,000 | $81,000 | 1.2% | — | — | 8.9% | $541,287 |
| Pitkin County | 97 | $475,000 | $177,000 | 32.5% | 6.490% | $4,400 | 12.8% | $1,249,125 |
| Prowers County | 61 | $205,000 | $79,000 | 3.0% | — | — | 10.0% | $541,287 |
| Pueblo County | 1,696 | $295,000 | $87,000 | 3.5% | 6.500% | $4,790 | 8.5% | $541,287 |
| Rio Blanco County | 68 | $255,000 | $97,000 | 5.0% | 6.750% | $5,040 | 8.1% | $541,287 |
| Rio Grande County | 62 | $255,000 | $88,000 | 6.2% | — | — | 9.3% | $541,287 |
| Routt County | 199 | $585,000 | $169,000 | 22.0% | 6.624% | $4,590 | 2.8% | $1,089,050 |
| Saguache County | 33 | $285,000 | $101,000 | 5.0% | — | — | 12.5% | $541,287 |
| San Juan County | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | $541,287 |
| San Miguel County | 54 | $475,000 | $170,000 | 25.4% | 6.500% | $4,460 | 14.9% | $1,045,350 |
| Sedgwick County | 18 | — | — | — | — | — | — | $541,287 |
| Summit County | 363 | $535,000 | $160,000 | 20.0% | 6.625% | $4,720 | 7.2% | $1,092,500 |
| Teller County | 398 | $415,000 | $125,000 | 7.4% | 6.608% | $4,910 | 8.4% | $541,650 |
| Washington County | 42 | $215,000 | $82,000 | 3.5% | — | — | 10.4% | $541,287 |
| Weld County | 5,112 | $435,000 | $124,000 | 7.4% | 6.490% | $4,700 | 5.3% | $575,000 |
| Yuma County | 42 | $215,000 | $73,000 | 3.5% | — | — | 13.5% | $541,287 |
Who bought homes in Colorado
Home-purchase mortgages for owner-occupied, single-family (1–4 unit) site-built homes, first liens, originated in 2025.
Values are medians; "middle half" is the 25th to 75th percentile.
Loan type
What the homes were for
All first-lien, closed-end purchase mortgages, including second homes and investors.
Borrower age
Debt-to-income ratio
Monthly debts (including the new payment) as a share of income, as used in underwriting.
What borrowing cost in Colorado
Medians for 2025 home-purchase loans. Total loan costs are section D of the Loan Estimate/Closing Disclosure (lender and third-party loan charges, excluding taxes, prepaids and escrow). FHA and VA costs include the upfront mortgage insurance premium or VA funding fee, so compare like with like.
| Measure | Colorado | U.S. |
|---|---|---|
| 30-year fixed rate · conventional | 6.500% | 6.625% |
| 30-year fixed rate · FHA | 6.195% | 6.250% |
| 30-year fixed rate · VA | 6.000% | 6.125% |
| 15-year fixed rate · conventional | 5.839% | 5.875% |
| Rate spread vs. APOR · conventional | +0.04 pts | +0.13 pts |
| Total loan costs · conventional | $4,630 | $5,570 |
| Total loan costs · FHA | $13,610 | $11,310 |
| Total loan costs · VA | $7,040 | $6,490 |
| Origination charges (all loan types) | $2,190 | $1,860 |
| Borrowers paying discount points | 54.8% | 51.3% |
| Points paid, when paid (% of loan) | 0.99% | 0.87% |
| Borrowers receiving lender credits | 33.9% | 33.1% |
| Adjustable-rate mortgages | 8.6% | 7.4% |
| Jumbo loans (above conforming limit) | 6.1% | 3.8% |
Medians are shown only when at least 30 loans report the field. Rates are those reported at closing; market rates changed during 2025, which the rate spread (APR minus the average prime offer rate on the lock date) adjusts for.
Approvals and denials
Colorado: 4,565 of 73,013 completed home-purchase applications were denied (6.3%).
Denial rate
| Application | Colorado | U.S. |
|---|---|---|
| Home purchase | 6.3% | 8.5% |
| Conventional | 5.3% | 7.1% |
| FHA | 9.5% | 12.5% |
| VA | 6.0% | 8.0% |
| USDA | 19.7% | 12.5% |
| Refinance | 16.8% | 17.9% |
| Cash-out refinance | 33.2% | 33.6% |
Main reason for purchase denials
First reason the lender reported.
Denial rate = denied ÷ (originated + approved but not accepted + denied). Withdrawn and incomplete applications are excluded. Differences between places reflect who applies, not only lender behavior.
Refinancing in Colorado
Top mortgage lenders in Colorado
| # | Lender | Loans | Share | Denial rate | 30-yr rate* | Spread* | Costs* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United Wholesale Mortgage (UWM) | 16,239 | 17.4% | 6.0% | 6.500% | +0.04 | $6,400 |
| 2 | Rocket Mortgage, LLC | 5,488 | 5.9% | 8.7% | 6.500% | +0.01 | $4,860 |
| 3 | Guild Mortgage Company | 3,132 | 3.4% | 2.4% | 6.625% | +0.24 | $5,810 |
| 4 | ENT Credit Union | 2,189 | 2.3% | 6.6% | 6.375% | −0.19 | $3,400 |
| 5 | CrossCountry Mortgage, Inc. | 2,064 | 2.2% | 2.2% | 6.750% | +0.27 | $6,210 |
| 6 | Rate | 1,683 | 1.8% | 2.3% | 6.625% | +0.14 | $4,390 |
| 7 | Fairway Independent Mortgage Corporation | 1,677 | 1.8% | 3.6% | 6.750% | +0.31 | $5,350 |
| 8 | Elevations | 1,589 | 1.7% | 5.3% | 6.625% | +0.11 | $3,410 |
| 9 | Pennymac Loan Services, LLC | 1,543 | 1.7% | 11.2% | 6.500% | +0.04 | $6,030 |
| 10 | Freedom Mortgage Corporation | 1,518 | 1.6% | 7.7% | 6.750% | −0.04 | $6,980 |
| 11 | CMG Mortgage, Inc. | 1,470 | 1.6% | 2.5% | 6.500% | +0.06 | $5,200 |
| 12 | JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. | 1,353 | 1.5% | 9.3% | 6.490% | −0.11 | $3,100 |
| 13 | loanDepot.com, LLC | 1,268 | 1.4% | 8.0% | 5.990% | −0.29 | $5,870 |
| 14 | Veterans United Home Loans | 1,248 | 1.3% | 7.5% | 6.625% | +0.09 | $1,620 |
| 15 | Lennar Mortgage, LLC | 1,198 | 1.3% | 7.8% | 4.250% | −2.19 | $3,780 |
| 16 | Homeamerican Mortgage Corporation | 1,097 | 1.2% | 9.4% | 4.750% | −1.79 | $1,640 |
| 17 | Newrez LLC | 1,064 | 1.1% | 6.4% | 6.625% | +0.20 | $6,870 |
| 18 | The Loan Store, Inc. | 1,058 | 1.1% | 5.1% | 6.490% | +0.09 | $5,560 |
| 19 | New American Funding | 1,052 | 1.1% | 1.7% | 6.625% | +0.31 | $6,460 |
| 20 | DHI Mortgage Company, Ltd. | 972 | 1.0% | 14.9% | 4.990% | −1.37 | $2,340 |
| 21 | Lower, LLC | 951 | 1.0% | 6.7% | 6.625% | +0.13 | $7,210 |
| 22 | V.i.p. Mortgage, Inc. | 950 | 1.0% | 0.8% | 6.624% | +0.20 | $7,470 |
| 23 | American Financing Corporation | 932 | 1.0% | 1.6% | 6.500% | +0.17 | $6,980 |
| 24 | Loan Simple, Inc. | 857 | 0.9% | 6.3% | 6.750% | −6.61 | $300 |
| 25 | FirstBank | 789 | 0.8% | 7.1% | 6.250% | −0.22 | $3,560 |
Largest lenders in Colorado by 2025 originations. Loans = home-purchase, refinance and cash-out originations (2025); share = share of those loans here; denial rate = home-purchase applications. *Medians for conventional home-purchase loans, shown with at least 20 loans; spread = APR minus the average prime offer rate at rate lock (percentage points); costs = total loan costs (section D).
Metro areas in Colorado
- Denver-Aurora-Centennial, CO · 34,536 purchases
- Colorado Springs, CO · 10,330 purchases
- Greeley, CO · 5,112 purchases
- Fort Collins-Loveland, CO · 4,178 purchases
- Boulder, CO · 2,786 purchases
- Grand Junction, CO · 1,862 purchases
- Pueblo, CO · 1,696 purchases
Source: FFIEC/CFPB HMDA 2025 public LAR; FHFA and HUD 2026 loan limits. Methodology