State report · HMDA 2025

Alabama mortgages and home buyers, 2025

Incomes, down payments, rates, loan costs, denials and lenders across Alabama's 67 counties, from official HMDA records.

HMDA 2025 data released June 23, 2026

In 2025, lenders reported 46,992 home-purchase mortgages for owner-occupied, single-family homes in Alabama. The median buyer borrowed $265,000 on a home valued at $295,000 and reported a household income of $94,000.

Buyers financed a median 95% of the home's value (roughly 5% down), paid a median 6.562% on 30-year fixed conventional loans and faced median conventional loan costs of $4,370.

Lenders denied 9.1% of completed home-purchase applications.

Purchase loans

46,992

650 lenders active

Buyer income

$94,000

U.S. $116,000

Down payment

U.S. 10%

30-yr fixed rate

6.562%

U.S. 6.625%

Loan costs

$4,370

Conventional · U.S. $5,570

FHA limit 2026

$541,287

1-unit home, all counties

Key facts

Home buyers' median income ($94,000) is 19% lower than the U.S. median ($116,000).
The median 30-year fixed conventional rate here was 6 basis points below the U.S. median (6.625%).
Median conventional loan costs ($4,370) were 22% lower than the U.S. median ($5,570).
FHA loans made up 30.2% of purchase mortgages, versus 21.1% nationally.
VA loans were unusually common: 17.8% of purchase mortgages.
27.8% of buyers put at least 20% down (financed 80% or less), compared with 38.5% nationally.
The most common age bracket among borrowers was 25–34 (32.1% of purchase loans).
60.5% of purchase mortgages had a single borrower with no co-applicant.
The most-cited reason for denial was debt-to-income ratio (35.4% of denials with a stated reason).

The 2026 conforming limit is $832,750 for a one-unit home in every Alabama county. See every Alabama county's 2026 FHA and conforming loan limits.

Alabama counties compared

Click a column to sort. Medians shown with at least 30 loans.

County	Purchase loans	Median loan	Buyer income	Down payment	30-yr rate	Loan costs	Denial rate	FHA limit
Autauga County	673	$275,000	$103,000	3.5%	6.750%	$4,480	6.1%	$541,287
Baldwin County	3,813	$305,000	$107,000	10.0%	6.500%	$4,220	12.4%	$541,287
Barbour County	92	$195,000	$79,000	3.5%	—	—	14.5%	$541,287
Bibb County	76	$215,000	$88,000	3.5%	—	$4,480	12.5%	$541,287
Blount County	429	$225,000	$89,000	3.5%	6.750%	$4,310	10.9%	$541,287
Bullock County	12	—	—	—	—	—	—	$541,287
Butler County	84	$185,000	$85,000	3.5%	—	$4,380	18.3%	$541,287
Calhoun County	884	$205,000	$74,000	3.5%	6.625%	$4,600	7.6%	$541,287
Chambers County	229	$205,000	$74,000	3.5%	6.625%	$4,660	9.7%	$541,287
Cherokee County	147	$255,000	$88,000	5.8%	6.625%	$4,820	10.3%	$541,287
Chilton County	308	$225,000	$81,000	3.5%	6.500%	$4,220	7.5%	$541,287
Choctaw County	28	—	—	—	—	—	20.0%	$541,287
Clarke County	112	$175,000	$77,000	3.5%	—	$4,030	12.9%	$541,287
Clay County	44	$205,000	$74,000	3.5%	—	—	6.3%	$541,287
Cleburne County	74	$215,000	$79,000	5.0%	—	—	6.1%	$541,287
Coffee County	645	$265,000	$103,000	3.5%	6.875%	$4,040	7.4%	$541,287
Colbert County	597	$215,000	$83,000	4.8%	6.500%	$4,190	6.7%	$541,287
Conecuh County	28	—	—	—	—	—	15.2%	$541,287
Coosa County	31	$205,000	$85,000	—	—	—	8.8%	$541,287
Covington County	199	$205,000	$85,000	3.5%	6.875%	$3,970	16.5%	$541,287
Crenshaw County	38	$145,000	$73,000	—	—	—	25.4%	$541,287
Cullman County	724	$235,000	$86,000	3.5%	6.625%	$4,570	9.8%	$541,287
Dale County	382	$195,000	$81,000	3.5%	6.750%	$3,990	8.2%	$541,287
Dallas County	128	$175,000	$68,000	3.5%	6.625%	$3,890	15.6%	$541,287
DeKalb County	411	$205,000	$82,000	4.2%	6.625%	$4,440	11.3%	$541,287
Elmore County	991	$265,000	$95,000	3.5%	6.750%	$4,380	6.3%	$541,287
Escambia County	192	$195,000	$77,000	3.5%	6.625%	$3,930	11.7%	$541,287
Etowah County	821	$205,000	$79,000	3.5%	6.625%	$4,490	9.6%	$541,287
Fayette County	105	$185,000	$75,000	3.5%	—	—	11.7%	$541,287
Franklin County	144	$165,000	$69,000	3.5%	6.375%	$3,460	20.4%	$541,287
Geneva County	156	$185,000	$74,000	3.5%	6.750%	$3,490	11.2%	$541,287
Greene County	6	—	—	—	—	—	—	$541,287
Hale County	56	$205,000	$82,000	3.5%	—	—	8.1%	$541,287
Henry County	163	$235,000	$92,000	3.5%	6.625%	$3,990	8.8%	$541,287
Houston County	964	$225,000	$87,000	3.5%	6.750%	$4,050	9.3%	$541,287
Jackson County	297	$225,000	$86,000	4.0%	6.625%	$4,250	9.0%	$541,287
Jefferson County	5,749	$275,000	$97,000	5.0%	6.625%	$4,180	9.3%	$541,287
Lamar County	60	$135,000	$69,000	3.5%	—	—	17.8%	$541,287
Lauderdale County	864	$225,000	$85,000	5.0%	6.490%	$4,270	7.3%	$541,287
Lawrence County	198	$205,000	$83,000	3.5%	6.625%	$4,460	11.6%	$541,287
Lee County	2,070	$315,000	$110,000	6.8%	6.625%	$5,210	4.9%	$541,287
Limestone County	2,097	$295,000	$99,000	5.0%	6.475%	$4,350	6.9%	$541,287
Lowndes County	23	—	—	—	—	—	—	$541,287
Macon County	34	$145,000	$68,000	3.5%	—	—	18.6%	$541,287
Madison County	5,618	$295,000	$108,000	5.0%	6.500%	$4,390	7.7%	$541,287
Marengo County	66	$205,000	$92,000	3.9%	—	—	13.6%	$541,287
Marion County	129	$175,000	$83,000	3.6%	—	$4,130	14.4%	$541,287
Marshall County	799	$245,000	$88,000	3.5%	6.500%	$5,100	6.7%	$541,287
Mobile County	3,401	$235,000	$83,000	3.5%	6.625%	$4,250	11.0%	$541,287
Monroe County	85	$175,000	$77,000	3.5%	—	—	13.9%	$541,287
Montgomery County	1,859	$245,000	$86,000	3.5%	6.625%	$4,540	13.0%	$541,287
Morgan County	1,133	$235,000	$86,000	5.0%	6.625%	$4,260	8.6%	$541,287
Perry County	16	—	—	—	—	—	—	$541,287
Pickens County	79	$175,000	$69,000	3.5%	—	—	6.8%	$541,287
Pike County	195	$225,000	$90,000	3.5%	6.625%	$4,530	11.1%	$541,287
Randolph County	147	$215,000	$82,000	5.0%	6.625%	$4,900	10.9%	$541,287
Russell County	585	$255,000	$88,000	0.0%	6.625%	$4,890	5.2%	$541,287
St. Clair County	1,149	$265,000	$87,000	3.5%	6.500%	$4,790	7.6%	$541,287
Shelby County	3,140	$315,000	$111,000	8.2%	6.625%	$4,240	6.4%	$541,287
Sumter County	27	—	—	—	—	—	—	$541,287
Talladega County	609	$205,000	$73,000	3.5%	6.500%	$4,370	12.4%	$541,287
Tallapoosa County	267	$225,000	$83,000	5.0%	6.625%	$5,000	11.8%	$541,287
Tuscaloosa County	1,882	$265,000	$89,000	5.0%	6.500%	$5,050	8.3%	$541,287
Walker County	372	$215,000	$84,000	4.5%	6.750%	$4,290	10.0%	$541,287
Washington County	64	$235,000	$87,000	3.5%	—	—	14.5%	$541,287
Wilcox County	19	—	—	—	—	—	—	$541,287
Winston County	111	$195,000	$77,000	5.0%	6.625%	$4,530	11.4%	$541,287

Who bought homes in Alabama

Home-purchase mortgages for owner-occupied, single-family (1–4 unit) site-built homes, first liens, originated in 2025.

Purchase loans

46,992

of 53,244 applications

Buyer income

$94,000

Middle half $66,000–$140,000

Home value

$295,000

Middle half $225,000–$405,000

Loan amount

$265,000

Middle half $195,000–$355,000

Down payment

27.8% put 20%+ down

Single borrower

60.5%

No co-applicant

Values are medians; "middle half" is the 25th to 75th percentile.

Loan type

Conventional 48.5% 22,769

FHA 30.2% 14,175

VA 17.8% 8,357

USDA 3.6% 1,691

What the homes were for

Primary residence 93.4% 52,172

Second home 3.1% 1,709

Investment property 3.6% 1,996

All first-lien, closed-end purchase mortgages, including second homes and investors.

Borrower age

Under 25 9.5%

25–34 32.1%

35–44 22.5%

45–54 15.4%

55–64 11.6%

65–74 6.7%

75 and over 2.3%

Debt-to-income ratio

Under 20% 4.5%

20–29% 15.7%

30–35% 16.7%

36–42% 25.4%

43–49% 25.8%

50–60% 11.4%

Over 60% 0.6%

Monthly debts (including the new payment) as a share of income, as used in underwriting.

What borrowing cost in Alabama

Medians for 2025 home-purchase loans. Total loan costs are section D of the Loan Estimate/Closing Disclosure (lender and third-party loan charges, excluding taxes, prepaids and escrow). FHA and VA costs include the upfront mortgage insurance premium or VA funding fee, so compare like with like.

Measure	Alabama	U.S.
30-year fixed rate · conventional	6.562%	6.625%
30-year fixed rate · FHA	6.125%	6.250%
30-year fixed rate · VA	6.240%	6.125%
15-year fixed rate · conventional	5.874%	5.875%
Rate spread vs. APOR · conventional	+0.17 pts	+0.13 pts
Total loan costs · conventional	$4,370	$5,570
Total loan costs · FHA	$8,690	$11,310
Total loan costs · VA	$5,090	$6,490
Origination charges (all loan types)	$1,890	$1,860
Borrowers paying discount points	53.8%	51.3%
Points paid, when paid (% of loan)	0.87%	0.87%
Borrowers receiving lender credits	31.4%	33.1%
Adjustable-rate mortgages	4.1%	7.4%
Jumbo loans (above conforming limit)	1.2%	3.8%

Medians are shown only when at least 30 loans report the field. Rates are those reported at closing; market rates changed during 2025, which the rate spread (APR minus the average prime offer rate on the lock date) adjusts for.

Approvals and denials

Alabama: 4,851 of 53,244 completed home-purchase applications were denied (9.1%).

Denial rate

Application	Alabama	U.S.
Home purchase	9.1%	8.5%
Conventional	7.2%	7.1%
FHA	12.1%	12.5%
VA	8.1%	8.0%
USDA	13.8%	12.5%
Refinance	18.4%	17.9%
Cash-out refinance	38.0%	33.6%

Main reason for purchase denials

Debt-to-income ratio 35.4%

Credit history 23.7%

Collateral (appraisal/property) 9.6%

Credit application incomplete 8.6%

Other 8.3%

Insufficient cash (down payment/closing costs) 6.2%

Unverifiable information 4.8%

Employment history 3.3%

Mortgage insurance denied 0.1%

First reason the lender reported.

Denial rate = denied ÷ (originated + approved but not accepted + denied). Withdrawn and incomplete applications are excluded. Differences between places reflect who applies, not only lender behavior.

Refinancing in Alabama

Refinances

10,691

Median loan $265,000

Refi rate

6.50%

30-yr fixed, conv.

Refi loan costs

$4,480

Conventional

Cash-out refis

9,643

Median loan $205,000

Cash-out rate

6.875%

30-yr fixed, conv.

Cash-out income

$83,000

Median borrower

Top mortgage lenders in Alabama

#	Lender	Loans	Share	Denial rate	30-yr rate*	Spread*	Costs*
1	United Wholesale Mortgage (UWM)	4,651	6.9%	7.3%	6.500%	+0.15	$5,270
2	Rocket Mortgage, LLC	4,604	6.8%	15.5%	6.625%	+0.30	$5,350
3	Veterans United Home Loans	2,355	3.5%	9.0%	6.750%	+0.42	$1,480
4	DHI Mortgage Company, Ltd.	2,193	3.3%	22.2%	5.500%	−1.06	$2,150
5	Trustmark National Bank	1,799	2.7%	6.4%	6.500%	+0.15	$3,900
6	Regions Bank	1,674	2.5%	11.8%	6.625%	+0.11	$3,900
7	Freedom Mortgage Corporation	1,634	2.4%	15.8%	—	—	—
8	Fairway Independent Mortgage Corporation	1,586	2.4%	3.8%	6.875%	+0.34	$4,070
9	Renasant Bank	1,438	2.1%	5.7%	6.625%	+0.17	$4,560
10	Guild Mortgage Company	1,399	2.1%	2.2%	6.625%	+0.24	$4,310
11	Pennymac Loan Services, LLC	1,242	1.8%	15.7%	6.750%	+0.23	$4,630
12	Movement Mortgage, LLC	1,231	1.8%	3.9%	6.625%	+0.24	$4,850
13	First Federal Bank, A FSB	1,090	1.6%	4.1%	6.500%	+0.00	$5,310
14	Canopy Mortgage, LLC	1,032	1.5%	0.7%	6.375%	+0.11	$7,550
15	FirstBank	948	1.4%	4.3%	6.500%	+0.09	$4,190
16	Stockton Mortgage Corporation	893	1.3%	6.0%	6.750%	+0.30	$5,200
17	CrossCountry Mortgage, Inc.	846	1.3%	2.2%	6.825%	+0.44	$6,010
18	Cadence Bank	846	1.3%	7.8%	6.500%	+0.13	$4,250
19	Navy Federal Credit Union	828	1.2%	9.5%	6.750%	+0.00	$2,680
20	CMG Mortgage, Inc.	822	1.2%	2.1%	6.625%	+0.17	$6,800
21	Lennar Mortgage, LLC	821	1.2%	15.4%	4.875%	−1.65	$1,150
22	Union Home Mortgage Corp.	802	1.2%	5.5%	6.750%	+0.35	$6,320
23	loanDepot.com, LLC	786	1.2%	16.9%	6.500%	+0.21	$4,960
24	Redstone Federal Credit Union	713	1.1%	5.3%	6.625%	+0.18	$3,570
25	Newrez LLC	692	1.0%	10.6%	6.625%	+0.29	$4,520

Largest lenders in Alabama by 2025 originations. Loans = home-purchase, refinance and cash-out originations (2025); share = share of those loans here; denial rate = home-purchase applications. *Medians for conventional home-purchase loans, shown with at least 20 loans; spread = APR minus the average prime offer rate at rate lock (percentage points); costs = total loan costs (section D).

Metro areas in Alabama

Birmingham, AL · 11,225 purchases
Huntsville, AL · 7,715 purchases
Montgomery, AL · 3,546 purchases
Daphne-Fairhope-Foley, AL · 3,813 purchases
Mobile, AL · 3,401 purchases
Columbus, GA-AL · 2,540 purchases
Auburn-Opelika, AL · 2,104 purchases
Tuscaloosa, AL · 2,023 purchases
Florence-Muscle Shoals, AL · 1,462 purchases
Decatur, AL · 1,331 purchases
Dothan, AL · 1,283 purchases
Anniston-Oxford, AL · 884 purchases
Gadsden, AL · 821 purchases

Source: FFIEC/CFPB HMDA 2025 public LAR; FHFA and HUD 2026 loan limits. Methodology